Bienes públicos e interés colectivo: la prestación del servicio público domiciliario de agua potable en Bogotá
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Silva Ruíz, José Plácido
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El trabajo de tesis sobre la problemática del servicio de agua potable de consumo residencial en la ciudad de Bogotá, se fundamenta en el enfoque normativo de la Economía del Bienestar, con base en los criterios de eficiencia, suficiencia financiera y equidad. La equidad se interpreta desde los principios de beneficio y de capacidad de pago (equidad horizontal y vertical); la eficiencia económica se relaciona con dos conceptos fundamentales, el óptimo de Pareto y el costo marginal. A partir de la Ley 142 de 1994, se adoptó y adaptó en Colombia el esquema de tarifa en dos partes, una parte fija (cargo fijo) y una parte variable (cargo por consumo). Además, para efectos de controlar el consumo de agua, se establecieron tres bloques de consumo creciente. Esta política presenta problemas de inequidad para los estratos bajos que se manifiesta en un porcentaje casi del doble del valor de la factura bimensual en relación con el ingreso de los hogares y de reducción del consumo mensual de agua a 10.5 m3 para los estratos bajos y a 14.5 m3 para los estratos altos.
Abstract: The thesis work on the problems of the service of drinking water of residential consumption in the city of Bogota, is based on the regulatory approach of the economy's well-being, based on the criteria of efficiency, financial adequacy and equity. Equity is interpreted from the principles of benefit and ability to pay (horizontal and vertical equity); economic efficiency is related to two fundamental concepts, the Pareto optimum, and the marginal cost. From law 142 of 1994, was adopted and adapted in Colombia the scheme of tariff in two parts, a fixed part (fixed charge) and a variable part (charge for consumption). In addition, for the purposes of controlling the consumption of water, three blocks of increasing consumption were established. This policy presents problems of inequality for the lower strata that manifests itself in a percentage almost twice the value of the bi-monthly invoice in relation to the income of households and reduction of the monthly consumption of water to 10.5 for the lower strata and to 14.5 m3 m3 for high strata.
Abstract: The thesis work on the problems of the service of drinking water of residential consumption in the city of Bogota, is based on the regulatory approach of the economy's well-being, based on the criteria of efficiency, financial adequacy and equity. Equity is interpreted from the principles of benefit and ability to pay (horizontal and vertical equity); economic efficiency is related to two fundamental concepts, the Pareto optimum, and the marginal cost. From law 142 of 1994, was adopted and adapted in Colombia the scheme of tariff in two parts, a fixed part (fixed charge) and a variable part (charge for consumption). In addition, for the purposes of controlling the consumption of water, three blocks of increasing consumption were established. This policy presents problems of inequality for the lower strata that manifests itself in a percentage almost twice the value of the bi-monthly invoice in relation to the income of households and reduction of the monthly consumption of water to 10.5 for the lower strata and to 14.5 m3 m3 for high strata.