Éxitos y fracasos en las spin-off académicas
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Resumen: La creación de spin-off se ha dinamizado recientemente de forma considerable, como resultado de la implementación de políticas de fomento al emprendimiento, interés de las universidades y de los inversionistas en el tema. En particular, las spin-off académicas han permitido la transferencia y comercialización de tecnologías desarrolladas en las universidades; donde surgen empresas de base tecnológica, contribuyendo al desarrollo de clústeres regionales de alta tecnología y a la transformación de las inversiones en I+D en crecimiento económico, empleo y ventaja competitiva. En esta dirección, el objetivo de la presente tesis es proponer un modelo conceptual basado en la teoría contingente que permita analizar el éxito las spin-off académicas en la etapa pre. Para el efecto, primero se realiza una amplia revisión de la literatura indexada, iniciando con un recorrido conceptual y profundizando luego en la literatura sobre spin-off académicas. En segunda instancia se analizan los trabajos encontrados, se identifican y clasifican los factores de éxito y fracaso reportados. En tercer lugar se construye el modelo conceptual y por último se prueba en 2 spin-off universitarias de la ciudad de Medellín. Obteniendo como resultado final que el contexto influye considerablemente en los factores (emprendedores, organización y entorno) que determinan el éxito de la compañía
Abstract: Spin-off creation has recently significantly boosted as a result of the implementation of policies to promote entrepreneurship, universities’ benefits and investors in the subject. In particular, academic spin-offs have endorsed the transfer and commercialization of technologies developed inside universities, where technology-based companies emerge. Then they contribute to the development of regional clusters of high technology and the transformation of R and D into economic growth, employment and competitive advantage. In this direction, the aim of this thesis is to propose a conceptual model based on the contingent theory that allows analyzing the success of academic spin-offs at pre stage. To this end, It was first performed an extensive review of indexed literature starting with a conceptual path and then inquiring into the literature on academic spin-off. Second, it was analyzed the papers found, identifying and classifying the reported factors of success and failure. Third, the conceptual model was built and finally tested on two university spin-offs of Medellin. Getting as final results that the context significantly influences factors (entrepreneurs, organization and environment), which then determine the success of a company
Abstract: Spin-off creation has recently significantly boosted as a result of the implementation of policies to promote entrepreneurship, universities’ benefits and investors in the subject. In particular, academic spin-offs have endorsed the transfer and commercialization of technologies developed inside universities, where technology-based companies emerge. Then they contribute to the development of regional clusters of high technology and the transformation of R and D into economic growth, employment and competitive advantage. In this direction, the aim of this thesis is to propose a conceptual model based on the contingent theory that allows analyzing the success of academic spin-offs at pre stage. To this end, It was first performed an extensive review of indexed literature starting with a conceptual path and then inquiring into the literature on academic spin-off. Second, it was analyzed the papers found, identifying and classifying the reported factors of success and failure. Third, the conceptual model was built and finally tested on two university spin-offs of Medellin. Getting as final results that the context significantly influences factors (entrepreneurs, organization and environment), which then determine the success of a company
Abstract
Palabras clave propuestas
Spin-off académicas; Factores de éxito y fracaso; Empresas de base tecnológica; Creación de empresas; Teoría contingente de las organizaciones; Variables contextuales; Academic spin-off; Success and failure factors; Technology-based companies; Business creation; Contingent theory; Contextual variables