Violencia Sexual en el Conflicto Armado: Los Rostros Afro de la Reparación. Caso: Asociación de Mujeres Afro por la Paz (AFROMUPAZ)
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Marciales Montenegro, Carmen Ximena
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La presente investigación recoge el trabajo participativo desarrollado con un grupo de mujeres de la Asociación de Mujeres Afro por la Paz [Afromupaz], con el propósito de pensar en la reparación individual y colectiva del daño que les fue ocasionado por causa de la violencia sexual ejercida en medio del conflicto por parte de diferentes organizaciones armadas. Este proceso partió del análisis sobre el uso estratégico que dichos actores hicieron de esta forma de violencia en el departamento del Chocó y la ciudad de Bogotá, y del impacto que tuvo en la vida de las mujeres de la Asociación y en su proceso organizativo. Dicho trabajo permitió comprender que aunque el conflicto armado no tiene un carácter étnico, la estructura social, racial y sexualmente jerárquica que caracteriza a la sociedad colombiana, subyace a la dinámica del conflicto armado y profundiza las afectaciones sufridas por las mujeres afrocolombianas y las organizaciones que defienden sus derechos, razón por la cual la violencia sexual ejercida contra ellas no sólo es una expresión de la violencia de género sino del racismo estructural.
Abstract. This research gathers the cooperative work done with a group of women from Asociación de Mujeres Afro por la Paz [Afromupaz]. The aim of this study is to think about the individual and collective victim reparation for the damages derived from sexual violence exerted against these women by different armed groups taking part in the Colombian conflict. The starting point of this study was the analysis of the use participants in the Colombian conflict made of sexual violence in Chocó and Bogotá, and the impact it had on the Asociación de Mujeres Afro por la Paz [Afromupaz] women and their organization process. The work faced by these women’s organization led to understand that even if the Colombian conflict does not have an ethnic character, the social, racial and sexually predominant features of the Colombian society, undergo the dynamics of the armed conflict and deepen the damage suffered by Afrocolombian women and the organizations that support their rights. It explains why sexual violence exerted against them is not only the consequence of gender violence, but also of structural racism.
Abstract. This research gathers the cooperative work done with a group of women from Asociación de Mujeres Afro por la Paz [Afromupaz]. The aim of this study is to think about the individual and collective victim reparation for the damages derived from sexual violence exerted against these women by different armed groups taking part in the Colombian conflict. The starting point of this study was the analysis of the use participants in the Colombian conflict made of sexual violence in Chocó and Bogotá, and the impact it had on the Asociación de Mujeres Afro por la Paz [Afromupaz] women and their organization process. The work faced by these women’s organization led to understand that even if the Colombian conflict does not have an ethnic character, the social, racial and sexually predominant features of the Colombian society, undergo the dynamics of the armed conflict and deepen the damage suffered by Afrocolombian women and the organizations that support their rights. It explains why sexual violence exerted against them is not only the consequence of gender violence, but also of structural racism.