Revisión Sistemática de la resistencia antimicrobiana en Enterobacterias en aislamientos intrahospitalarios en Colombia
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González Rojas, Leidy Esperanza
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Trabajo de grado - Pregrado
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EspañolFecha de publicación
2013
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Resumen
Introducción. La resistencia bacteriana es un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial que compromete seriamente la capacidad de tratar infecciones. Objetivos. Describir el perfil de resistencia a los distintos antimicrobianos marcadores en enterobacterias identificadas en hospitales colombianos. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura indexada en Medline, Embase y Lilacs, además de la búsqueda manual de todos los números en revistas colombianas reconocidas y afines a la infectología para identificar referencias no disponibles electrónicamente. Resultados. Con estudios observacionales y reportes de vigilancia epidemiológica principalmente de Bogotá, Cali y Medellín, la tasa de resistencia en Escherchia coli oscila entre 3 a 11%, 5 a 20% y 0,2 a 0,8% para piperacilina tazobactam, cefalosporinas de amplio espectro y carbapenémicos respectivamente. En aislamientos de Klebsiella pneumoniae la resistencia oscila entre 21,8 a 48,1% frente a piperacilina tazobactam, 20 a 35% frente a cefalosporinas de amplio espectro y 3 a 8% frente a carbapenémicos, con variaciones importantes por ciudades, niveles de atención y escenarios clínicos. Conclusiones. La diseminación de resistencia bacteriana en enterobacterias aisladas en hospitales colombianos es un problema creciente que requiere medidas prioritarias para cortar las cadenas de transmisión
Abstract. Introduction. Bacterial resistance is a public health problem worldwide that seriously compromises the possibility to treat infections. Objectives. To identify levels of resistance to antibiotic markers in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from Colombian hospitals. Material and methods. A systematic review of the literature included articles indexed in Medline, Embase and LILACS. A manual search was made of Colombian scientific journals and other infectious disease literature not available electronically. Results. With observational studies and epidemiological reports mainly from Bogota, Cali and Medellin, the resistance rate of E.coli ranges from 3 to 11%, 5 to 20% and from 0.2 to 0.8% for piperacillin tazobactam, extended-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems, respectively. For K. pneumoniae resistance rates ranges from 21.8 to 48.1% to piperacillin tazobactam, 20 to 35% against broad-spectrum cephalosporins and 3-8% against carbapenems, with significant variations by cities, levels of care and clinical settings. Conclusions. The spread of bacterial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae isolated in Colombian hospitals is a growing problem for priority action to cut the chains of transmission.
Abstract. Introduction. Bacterial resistance is a public health problem worldwide that seriously compromises the possibility to treat infections. Objectives. To identify levels of resistance to antibiotic markers in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from Colombian hospitals. Material and methods. A systematic review of the literature included articles indexed in Medline, Embase and LILACS. A manual search was made of Colombian scientific journals and other infectious disease literature not available electronically. Results. With observational studies and epidemiological reports mainly from Bogota, Cali and Medellin, the resistance rate of E.coli ranges from 3 to 11%, 5 to 20% and from 0.2 to 0.8% for piperacillin tazobactam, extended-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems, respectively. For K. pneumoniae resistance rates ranges from 21.8 to 48.1% to piperacillin tazobactam, 20 to 35% against broad-spectrum cephalosporins and 3-8% against carbapenems, with significant variations by cities, levels of care and clinical settings. Conclusions. The spread of bacterial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae isolated in Colombian hospitals is a growing problem for priority action to cut the chains of transmission.
Abstract
Palabras clave
Resistencia a medicamentos ; Farmacoresistencia bacteriana ; Farmacoresistencia microbiana ; Resistencia betalactámica ; Farmacoresistencia bacteriana múltiple ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Infecciones por enterobacteriaceae ; Infecciones por Klebsiella ; Infecciones por Escherichia coli ; Enterobacter cloacae ; Drug resistance ; Drug resistance ; Bacterial ; Drug resistance microbial ; Beta-lactam resistance ; Drug resistance, multiple, bacterial ; Enterobacteriaceae Infections ; Klebsiella Infections ; Escherichia coli Infections