Impactos socio espaciales del desplazamiento forzado en Bogotá. Ciudad Bolívar 1997-2007
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Ramírez Herrera, Camilo Hernando
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El objetivo principal de esta tesis es analizar los impactos socio espaciales, a nivel de acceso a la vivienda, relacionados con el asentamiento de familias desplazadas por la violencia en la localidad de Ciudad Bolívar de Bogotá durante el periodo 1997 a 2007. Este estudio se enfoca en las condiciones que ofrece la ciudad para la elección de sus alternativas residenciales. Se argumenta que en los últimos años la urbanización informal se ha incrementado por distintos factores, dentro de los cuales el aumento de la población desplazada juega un rol importante. A partir del análisis de datos provenientes de instituciones estatales y de ONGs, y del estudio de caso de un barrio, se identifican las dos principales modalidades de acceso a la vivienda por parte de estos hogares; los asentamientos urbanos informales y los mercados de arrendamiento en barrios populares. Dichas modalidades se presentan simultáneamente en el territorio, como se observa en el caso de Ciudad Bolívar. Estos datos evidencian que las políticas de asistencia a víctimas y los programas de hábitat y vivienda, han tenido un impacto reducido en garantizar este derecho a los hogares desplazados, por lo que los mercados informales de suelo y vivienda se han convertido en la principal opción para estas familias.
Abstract. This thesis set out to analyze the socio-spatial impacts in terms of dwelling, concerning the settlement of displaced families in Ciudad Bolivar in Bogotá during the period 1997 to 2007. This study focuses on the conditions offered by the city when selecting the residential alternatives. It is argued that in the last years, informal urbanization has increased for numerous reasons, among those reasons the growing of displaced population plays an important role. Based on the data gathered in state institutions and NGO's, besides a case study carried out in a neighborhood, two main modalities of dwelling accessing were identified; Informal urban settlements and rental markets in neighborhoods, such ways of access can be seen not only in Ciudad Bolivar but also in the territory in general. These data show that victim assistance policies and programs of habitat and housing have had a limited impact when guaranteeing this right to displaced families, which is why informal land and housing markets have become the main choice for these families.
Abstract. This thesis set out to analyze the socio-spatial impacts in terms of dwelling, concerning the settlement of displaced families in Ciudad Bolivar in Bogotá during the period 1997 to 2007. This study focuses on the conditions offered by the city when selecting the residential alternatives. It is argued that in the last years, informal urbanization has increased for numerous reasons, among those reasons the growing of displaced population plays an important role. Based on the data gathered in state institutions and NGO's, besides a case study carried out in a neighborhood, two main modalities of dwelling accessing were identified; Informal urban settlements and rental markets in neighborhoods, such ways of access can be seen not only in Ciudad Bolivar but also in the territory in general. These data show that victim assistance policies and programs of habitat and housing have had a limited impact when guaranteeing this right to displaced families, which is why informal land and housing markets have become the main choice for these families.