Determinantes del tamaño del Estado. El caso colombiano
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Bermeo Alvarez, Mireya
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Trabajo de grado - Doctorado
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2014
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A partir de los años noventa, se ha hecho evidente el crecimiento del tamaño del Estado colombiano, al pasar del 13% del Producto Interno Bruto (PIB), antes de 1990, hasta alcanzar el 31% del tamaño de la economía en 2008. Esta investigación busca contribuir al debate sobre los determinantes del tamaño del Estado en Colombia. Propone, como hipótesis, el vínculo entre el crecimiento del tamaño del Estado con dos acontecimientos políticos de gran importancia en la vida democrática: la Constitución Política de Colombia de 1991 y la elección popular de alcaldes. Además, de otro factor económico: el ingreso per cápita. Los resultados empíricos obtenidos, para el período comprendido entre 1950 y 2008, parecen confirmar dicha suposición. El fundamento de esta conjetura es el cambio de las preferencias políticas por redistribución, recogidas en la Constitución Política de 1991, las cuales le asignaron funciones diferentes al Gobierno y ello se materializó en un mayor gasto.
Abstract: Since the nineties, the size of Colombian State has become larger than before; it has increased from 13% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) before 1990 to 31% in 2008. This research contributes to the debate over the determinants of the size of the State. The hypothesis in this research implies that the size of the State depends on two very important political issues in democratic life: the Political Constitution of Colombia in 1991 and the election of mayors, as well as another economic factor: per capita income. The result of different empirical tests obtained for the period between 1950 and 2008 seems to confirm this assumption. The main reason for supposing this was the change of political preferences for redistribution of budget included in the Constitution of 1991, which assigned a new role to the Government and that’s why a higher spending arose.
Abstract: Since the nineties, the size of Colombian State has become larger than before; it has increased from 13% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) before 1990 to 31% in 2008. This research contributes to the debate over the determinants of the size of the State. The hypothesis in this research implies that the size of the State depends on two very important political issues in democratic life: the Political Constitution of Colombia in 1991 and the election of mayors, as well as another economic factor: per capita income. The result of different empirical tests obtained for the period between 1950 and 2008 seems to confirm this assumption. The main reason for supposing this was the change of political preferences for redistribution of budget included in the Constitution of 1991, which assigned a new role to the Government and that’s why a higher spending arose.