Propuesta de una unidad didáctica para la enseñanza de los procesos termodinámicos en un ciclo diésel
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En este trabajo se presenta una propuesta didáctica para la enseñanza de los procesos termodinámicos encontrados en un ciclo Diesel, utilizando la metodología de aprendizaje activo (MAA), en la cual con experimentos sencillos y materiales de muy bajo costo se logró que las estudiantes del Colegio de Nuestra Señora Del Pilar relacionaran de forma análoga el funcionamiento físico de un motor Diésel mediante prácticas demostrativas del comportamiento termodinámico de los gases. El trabajo se llevó a cabo con cuarenta estudiantes del curso 1003 del Colegio Femenino de Nuestra Señora Del Pilar, ubicado en la localidad de Teusaquillo, en Bogotá. Se aplicaron 4 talleres, de los cuales en tres se utilizaron montajes experimentales sencillos con materiales de bajo costo y uno se llevó a cabo mediante una simulación de la University of Colorado Boulder (phet). De esta forma se abordaron los principios físicos y los procesos termodinámicos en un motor diesel. La viabilidad de la propuesta se evaluó desde la aplicación y confrontación de un pre-test y un post-test, estableciendo la eficiencia del método mediante la ganancia normalizada Hake. También las estudiantes se mostraron motivadas, y disminuyeron el temor de dar explicaciones, ampliando su capacidad de argumentación.
Abstract. This work presents a didactical proposal for the teaching of thermodynamic processes found in a Diesel Cycle, using the Active Learning Methodology (ALM), in whitch, based in a the bet of simple experiments, and low cost materials, the students. Of Nuestra Señora Del Pilar School could relate in an analogical way the physical operation of a diesel engine by means of demonstrative practices of thermodynamic behavior of gases. The document was developed with forty students of course 1003 of this school located on Teusaquillo, Bogotá by four workshops three of them used simple experimental mounting with low cost materials and the other one was developed by means of a simulation of the University of Colorado Boulder (Phet). So the physical principles and thermodynamics processes in a diesel engine were accessed. The viability of the proposal was evaluated from its application and confrontation of a pre-test and a post-test, establishing the efficiency of the method by means of the normalized Hake gain, the students also were motivated to continue working in the project and reduce the fear to give explanations, increasing their argumentative abilities
Abstract. This work presents a didactical proposal for the teaching of thermodynamic processes found in a Diesel Cycle, using the Active Learning Methodology (ALM), in whitch, based in a the bet of simple experiments, and low cost materials, the students. Of Nuestra Señora Del Pilar School could relate in an analogical way the physical operation of a diesel engine by means of demonstrative practices of thermodynamic behavior of gases. The document was developed with forty students of course 1003 of this school located on Teusaquillo, Bogotá by four workshops three of them used simple experimental mounting with low cost materials and the other one was developed by means of a simulation of the University of Colorado Boulder (Phet). So the physical principles and thermodynamics processes in a diesel engine were accessed. The viability of the proposal was evaluated from its application and confrontation of a pre-test and a post-test, establishing the efficiency of the method by means of the normalized Hake gain, the students also were motivated to continue working in the project and reduce the fear to give explanations, increasing their argumentative abilities