Apuesta de Colombia en las negociaciones con Asia: Un enfoque desde la incursión a las cadenas de valor mundial y el análisis de sectores sensibles a nivel regional
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Melo Gutiérrez, Laura Isabel
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La inserción de Colombia en los mercados extranjeros plantea la necesidad de diversificar los destinos de exportación, incursionando en mercados que son potenciales en desarrollo económico y comercial, aprovechando las apuestas productivas y potencialidades de las regiones, por lo cual lograr ser parte de un eslabón de las cadenas de valor de los principales actores comerciales, se convierte en una opción para aprovechar los beneficios del comercio. Lo anterior conlleva a plantear el análisis comercial para el caso Colombiano, que permita identificar sectores estratégicos en las cadenas mundiales de valor, como también sectores sensibles ante las negociaciones comerciales, principalmente con países de la región Asiática (China, Japón, India y Corea). En el estudio se siguió la metodología CEPAL-MAGIC, complementando con los planteamientos de Hausman y Klinger (2007), sobre su estudio de espacio de productos. Se utilizó como fuente de información el aplicativo World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) y estadísticas de comercio1. La metodología se realiza sobre las exportaciones no minero-energéticas durante el periodo 2010-2014 (partida a 6 dígitos), identificando en total ciento veintidós productos estratégicos (priorizados), de los cuales cuarenta y siete son exportados a China, treinta y siete a Japón, cuarenta y cuatro a India y treinta y nueve a Corea. Los productos sensibles identificados fueron 2.797, de los cuales 2.084 son importados desde China, 394 desde Japón, 1.164 de India y 793 de Corea.
Abstract. The insertion of Colombia in foreign markets raises the need to diversify export destinations, making inroads into potential in economic and trade development markets, taking adventaje of productive bets and potential of the regions, thus achieving be part of a link value chains of the main commercial actors, becomes an option to reap the benefits of trade. This leads to raise the commercial analysis for the Colombian case, to identify strategic sectors in global value chains, as well as sensitive sectors to trade negotiations, especially with countries in the Asian region (China, Japan, India and Korea). In the study CEPAL-MAGIC methodology was followed, complementing approaches Hausman and Klinger (2007), about his space products study. The applicative World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) and trade statistics was used as a information source. The methodology is performed on the non-mining-energy exports during the period 2010-2014 (ítem at 6 digits), identifying a total of one hundred twenty strategic products (prioritized), of which forty-seven are exported to China, thirty seven Japan, forty-four to thirty-nine India and Korea. Sensitive products identified were 2,797, 2,084 of which are imported from China, 394 from Japan, 1,164 from India and 793 of Korea.
Abstract. The insertion of Colombia in foreign markets raises the need to diversify export destinations, making inroads into potential in economic and trade development markets, taking adventaje of productive bets and potential of the regions, thus achieving be part of a link value chains of the main commercial actors, becomes an option to reap the benefits of trade. This leads to raise the commercial analysis for the Colombian case, to identify strategic sectors in global value chains, as well as sensitive sectors to trade negotiations, especially with countries in the Asian region (China, Japan, India and Korea). In the study CEPAL-MAGIC methodology was followed, complementing approaches Hausman and Klinger (2007), about his space products study. The applicative World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) and trade statistics was used as a information source. The methodology is performed on the non-mining-energy exports during the period 2010-2014 (ítem at 6 digits), identifying a total of one hundred twenty strategic products (prioritized), of which forty-seven are exported to China, thirty seven Japan, forty-four to thirty-nine India and Korea. Sensitive products identified were 2,797, 2,084 of which are imported from China, 394 from Japan, 1,164 from India and 793 of Korea.