Compensación forestal en proyectos de desarrollo
Autores
Suárez Giraldo, Diana Janeth
Director
Tipo de contenido
Trabajo de grado - Maestría
Idioma del documento
EspañolFecha de publicación
2016-12-16
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Resumen
Colombia tiene la responsabilidad de generar mecanismos orientados a la conservación, protección, ordenamiento y uso sostenible de los recursos naturales; con el fin de cumplir con esta responsabilidad, ha desarrollado un marco normativo que permite establecer las estrategias y objetivos de conservación, para lo cual construye una herramienta para determinar y cuantificar las medidas de compensación por pérdida de biodiversidad denominada Manual para compensación por pérdida de biodiversidad consagrada en la resolución 1517 de 2012. La aplicación del mencionado Manual, tiene como resultado la estimación del área a compensar por medio de un factor asociado a cada Ecosistema Distrito Biogeográfico – EDB intervenido por un proyecto de desarrollo. Al plantearse la aplicación futura del Manual surge el planteamiento del problema para desarrollar este proyecto de tesis ¿Este manual es una herramienta cuyo uso sea viable en el tiempo? El objetivo general de este proyecto es generar una metodología que permita de manera prospectiva poner a prueba la viabilidad del Manual en términos cuantitativos de áreas disponibles para compensar. Esta metodología se basó en lo siguiente: 1. Seleccionar una región en desarrollo que contara con proyectos de infraestructura y áreas disponibles para compensar, 2. modelar escenarios futuros de desarrollo donde se presenten proyectos en etapa de planeación o construcción, realizando el cálculo de estas compensaciones con los respectivos factores de compensación en cada EDB y 3. Evaluar la disponibilidad de EDB no comprometidos previamente, para determinar si es una herramienta viable o no en el tiempo. Se seleccionó el Departamento de Antioquia debido a su gran potencial de desarrollo a nivel nacional, se seleccionaron los proyectos de desarrollo más importantes (Infraestructura Vial, Hidroeléctricas, Líneas de Transmisión y Minería), con fecha probable de entrada en operación en periodos de 10 años (2016 – 2026 y 2026 – 2036). La modelación del comportamiento de las compensaciones de los proyectos seleccionados y el estimativo de áreas afectadas, áreas compensadas y la disponibilidad de áreas a compensar en cada uno de los escenarios, permite concluir que para el escenario 1 (2016 – 2026) no hay disponibilidad de (5) EDB y para el escenario 2 (2026 – 2036) no hay disponibilidad de uno (1) más, por lo cual se puede concluir que el manual es una herramienta cuya aplicación rigurosa no es viable en el tiempo para el Departamento de Antioquia.
Abstract: Colombia has the responsibility to generate mechanisms towards conservation, protection, legal regulations and sustainable use of natural resources. In order to fulfill this responsibility, Colombia has developed a regulatory framework to establish conservation strategies and objectives. As a tool to assess and quantify the compensation measures for loss of biodiversity, it created the Manual para compensación por pérdida de biodiversidad (compensation manual for loss of biodiversity) enshrined in resolution 1517 (2012). The target result of implementing this Manual is the estimation of the area to compensate by a factor associated with each Biogeographic District/Ecosystem (EDB in its Spanish acronym) intervened by a development project. The problem statement to develop this thesis project was formulated when considering the future implementation of this Manual: Is this Manual a viable tool as time goes by?. The overall objective of this project is to generate a methodology for prospectively testing the viability of the manual, in quantitative terms, on available areas to compensate. This methodology was based on the following: 1. Select a developing region with infrastructure projects and available areas to compensate. 2. Shape future development scenarios where projects under construction and planning stage can be submitted, calculating these compensations with the respective compensating factors in each EDB. 3. Assess the availability of EDB (no previously reserved) to determine whether it is or not a viable tool as time goes by. The Antioquia department was the developing region selected due to its great potential for development at national level. The most important development projects in this region were selected (road infrastructure, hydroelectric plants, transmission lines and mining) with date of entry into operation in10 years periods (2016 – 2026 and 2026 – 2036). The compensation behavior modeling of the selected projects and the estimation of affected areas, compensated areas and the availability of areas to compensate in each of the scenarios make it possible to conclude that for the first period scenario (2016 – 2026) (5) EDB are not available; and for the second period scenario (2026 – 2036) (1) EDB is no available. It can therefore be concluded that in the Antioquia Department the rigorous intervention of the manual as a tool is not viable as time goes by.
Abstract: Colombia has the responsibility to generate mechanisms towards conservation, protection, legal regulations and sustainable use of natural resources. In order to fulfill this responsibility, Colombia has developed a regulatory framework to establish conservation strategies and objectives. As a tool to assess and quantify the compensation measures for loss of biodiversity, it created the Manual para compensación por pérdida de biodiversidad (compensation manual for loss of biodiversity) enshrined in resolution 1517 (2012). The target result of implementing this Manual is the estimation of the area to compensate by a factor associated with each Biogeographic District/Ecosystem (EDB in its Spanish acronym) intervened by a development project. The problem statement to develop this thesis project was formulated when considering the future implementation of this Manual: Is this Manual a viable tool as time goes by?. The overall objective of this project is to generate a methodology for prospectively testing the viability of the manual, in quantitative terms, on available areas to compensate. This methodology was based on the following: 1. Select a developing region with infrastructure projects and available areas to compensate. 2. Shape future development scenarios where projects under construction and planning stage can be submitted, calculating these compensations with the respective compensating factors in each EDB. 3. Assess the availability of EDB (no previously reserved) to determine whether it is or not a viable tool as time goes by. The Antioquia department was the developing region selected due to its great potential for development at national level. The most important development projects in this region were selected (road infrastructure, hydroelectric plants, transmission lines and mining) with date of entry into operation in10 years periods (2016 – 2026 and 2026 – 2036). The compensation behavior modeling of the selected projects and the estimation of affected areas, compensated areas and the availability of areas to compensate in each of the scenarios make it possible to conclude that for the first period scenario (2016 – 2026) (5) EDB are not available; and for the second period scenario (2026 – 2036) (1) EDB is no available. It can therefore be concluded that in the Antioquia Department the rigorous intervention of the manual as a tool is not viable as time goes by.