Frecuencia de anomalías dentales en la hemiarcada no afectada de sujetos con labio y paladar hendido unilateral no sindrómico
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Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia y tipo de anomalías dentales presentes en la hemiarcada no afectada de sujetos con labio y paladar hendido unilateral no sindrómico (LPHU) y establecer su riesgo de presentación. Metodología: Estudio observacional, analítico de casos y controles. Se utilizaron radiografías panorámicas de 336 niños, entre 6 y 12 años, 111 con LPHUNS y 225 controles. Se identificaron las siguientes anomalías dentales: agenesias, supernumerarios, microdoncia de incisivos laterales, taurodontismo, transposiciónes, impactaciónes y rotación de insicivos centrales. Se realizó un análisis bivariado utilizando pruebas chi2 y Fischer. Para cálculos de OR se utilizó regresión logística lineal. Resultados: El 48,6% de los niños con LPHU presentaron al menos una anomalía dental en la hemiarcada no afectada mientras que en el grupo control sólo el 36% presentó alguna anomalía. Las más frecuentes fueron agenesia de incisivos laterales maxilares y de segundos premolares maxilares mostrando diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos grupos (p=0.00). Sujetos con LPHU tuvieron casi 3 veces más riesgo de presentar anomalías dentales que los sujetos sanos (OR= 2.9; 95% IC (1.4-6.0), p=0.002) Conclusiones: Se presentó una mayor prevalencia de anomalías dentales en la hemiarcada no afectada de sujetos con LPHU, siendo las más frecuentes las agenesias de incisivos laterales y segundos premolares. El riesgo de presentar anomalías dentales en la hemiarcada no afectada de sujetos con LPHU fue cerca de 3 veces mayor que la presentada por el grupo control.
Abstract. Objective: To determine the frequency and type of dental anomalies present in the noncleft side of nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects. Methodology: Observational, analytical study of cases and controls. A total of 336 radiographic records of children between 6 and 12 years were evaluated for 111 cases and 225 controls. The following dental anomalies were identified: agenesis, supernumerary teeth, microdoncia, taurodontism, dental transposition, dental impaction and dental rotation. A bivariate analysis was performed using chi2 and Fischer tests. For OR calculations linear logistic regression was used. Results: 48.6% of the children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) had at least one dental anomaly in the non-cleft side, whereas in the control group only 36% presented it. The most frequent dental anomalies were agenesis of lateral maxillary incisors and agenesis of maxillary second premolars showing statistically significant differences between both groups (p = 0.00). Patients with UCLP were almost 3 times more likely to have dental anomalies than healthy subjects (OR= 2.9; 95% IC (1.4-6.0), p=0.002). Conclusions: There was a higher prevalence of dental anomalies in the non-cleft side of subjects with UCLP, being the most frequent the agenesis of lateral incisors and second premolars. The risk of presenting dental anomalies in the non-cleft side of subjects with UCLP was about 3 times greater than that presented by the control group.
Abstract. Objective: To determine the frequency and type of dental anomalies present in the noncleft side of nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects. Methodology: Observational, analytical study of cases and controls. A total of 336 radiographic records of children between 6 and 12 years were evaluated for 111 cases and 225 controls. The following dental anomalies were identified: agenesis, supernumerary teeth, microdoncia, taurodontism, dental transposition, dental impaction and dental rotation. A bivariate analysis was performed using chi2 and Fischer tests. For OR calculations linear logistic regression was used. Results: 48.6% of the children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) had at least one dental anomaly in the non-cleft side, whereas in the control group only 36% presented it. The most frequent dental anomalies were agenesis of lateral maxillary incisors and agenesis of maxillary second premolars showing statistically significant differences between both groups (p = 0.00). Patients with UCLP were almost 3 times more likely to have dental anomalies than healthy subjects (OR= 2.9; 95% IC (1.4-6.0), p=0.002). Conclusions: There was a higher prevalence of dental anomalies in the non-cleft side of subjects with UCLP, being the most frequent the agenesis of lateral incisors and second premolars. The risk of presenting dental anomalies in the non-cleft side of subjects with UCLP was about 3 times greater than that presented by the control group.