Enseñanza de los estados de agregación de la materia: de las interacciones moleculares a las propiedades fisicoquímicas de las sustancias con el apoyo de laboratorios virtuales para la enseñanza en la educación básica secundaria
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Palacios Hinestroza, Jader Samir
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En el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la química es usual encontrar que los estudiantes presentan inconvenientes en la interpretación, explicación y comprensión de los eventos que tiene lugar a nivel microscópico de la materia, ya que tienden a confundirlos con el aspecto macroscópico de la misma. En este trabajo se diseña una estrategia basada en laboratorios virtuales para la enseñanza, a estudiantes del grado octavo uno de la institución educativa San Pablo, de los estados de agregación de la materia y cambios entre estados, fundamentándose en las interacciones moleculares y las propiedades macroscópicas. Durante el proceso se desarrolló un diagnóstico mediante un test con preguntas abiertas y posteriormente con la aplicación de laboratorios virtuales dentro de una unidad didáctica, en la cual presentaron informes sobre lo apreciado; dando como resultado una mejor comprensión, argumentación e interpretación en todo lo relacionado con los estados de agregación, según se pudo apreciar en los informes de dichos laboratorios, en relación con el diagnóstico.
Abstract: In the teaching of chemistry, students present drawbacks in the interpretation, explanation, and understanding of what is related to microscopic events in matter, by confounding them with the macroscopic aspect of the matter. Therefore, in this work, a strategy based on virtual laboratories is designed for the teaching of the states of aggregation of matter and the changes between states, based on molecular interactions and macroscopic properties, to eighth grade students of the educational institution San Pablo. This was developed, initially with a diagnosis through a test with open questions and later with the application of virtual laboratories within a didactic unit in which they presented reports on what was appreciated; resulting in a better understanding, argumentation and interpretation in everything related to the states of aggregation in what is appreciated in the reports of said laboratories in relation to the diagnosis.
Abstract: In the teaching of chemistry, students present drawbacks in the interpretation, explanation, and understanding of what is related to microscopic events in matter, by confounding them with the macroscopic aspect of the matter. Therefore, in this work, a strategy based on virtual laboratories is designed for the teaching of the states of aggregation of matter and the changes between states, based on molecular interactions and macroscopic properties, to eighth grade students of the educational institution San Pablo. This was developed, initially with a diagnosis through a test with open questions and later with the application of virtual laboratories within a didactic unit in which they presented reports on what was appreciated; resulting in a better understanding, argumentation and interpretation in everything related to the states of aggregation in what is appreciated in the reports of said laboratories in relation to the diagnosis.