Fuerzas Armadas y Sociedad Civil. Representaciones sociales en las y los líderes sociales de Buenaventura
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El objetivo de la investigación es analizar cuáles son y cómo se han construido las representaciones que sobre las Fuerzas Armadas sostienen los líderes sociales de Buenaventura, valle del Cauca. Para lograrlo, se realizaron siete entrevistas a líderes de sectores como el cultural, el de defensa a los derechos humanos, el pesquero y el educativo. Las entrevistas que indagaban sobre el pensar, el sentir y la memoria sobre la relación de estos con los militares y policías, al tiempo que se construye un análisis a partir de bibliografía primaria y secundaria sobre el contexto bonaverence. En un marco social de presencia diferenciada del Estado, una economía extractiva y escenarios de violencia generalizada y racismo estructural, las representaciones sociales son de unas Fuerzas Armadas caracterizadas por el control civil subjetivo, militarizado y el no monopolio de la fuerza. Además transita en experiencias de Violencia, Relaciones de Resistencia y Sentimientos de Violencia. Dos casos ilustrativos, a modo de lugar y acontecimiento, son abordados: la calle de piedras cantas y la intervención militar de 2014. Las consecuencias de la construcción de estas representaciones se presentan en la construcción de una ciudadanía donde la relación Estado Sociedad es muy limitada, al tiempo que plantea retos en escenarios de pos acuerdo, donde la perspectiva de intervención para la paz está orientada en escenarios de paz negativa y no paz positiva.
Abstract: The objective of the research is to analyze what they are and how they have been constructed representations on the Armed Forces support the social leaders of Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca. To achieve this, seven interviews were conducted with leaders from sectors such as culture, human rights, fisheries and education. The interviews that inquired about the thinking, the feeling and the memory about the relation of these with the military and police, while constructing an analysis from primary and secondary bibliography on the bonaverence context. In a social context of differentiated presence of the State, an extractive economy and scenarios of generalized violence and structural racism, the social representations are of Armed Forces characterized by subjective civil control, militarized and non-monopoly of force. In addition, experiences of Violence, Relations of Resistance and Feelings of Violence. Two illustrative cases, as a place and event, are addressed: the street of Piedras Cantan and the military intervention of 2014. The consequences of the construction of these representations are presented in the construction of a citizenship where the State Society relationship is very limited, while poses challenges in the post agreement, where the perspective of intervention for peace is oriented for a negative peace and not positive peace.
Abstract: The objective of the research is to analyze what they are and how they have been constructed representations on the Armed Forces support the social leaders of Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca. To achieve this, seven interviews were conducted with leaders from sectors such as culture, human rights, fisheries and education. The interviews that inquired about the thinking, the feeling and the memory about the relation of these with the military and police, while constructing an analysis from primary and secondary bibliography on the bonaverence context. In a social context of differentiated presence of the State, an extractive economy and scenarios of generalized violence and structural racism, the social representations are of Armed Forces characterized by subjective civil control, militarized and non-monopoly of force. In addition, experiences of Violence, Relations of Resistance and Feelings of Violence. Two illustrative cases, as a place and event, are addressed: the street of Piedras Cantan and the military intervention of 2014. The consequences of the construction of these representations are presented in the construction of a citizenship where the State Society relationship is very limited, while poses challenges in the post agreement, where the perspective of intervention for peace is oriented for a negative peace and not positive peace.