Implementación de los principios de lean en una entidad pública de Colombia como herramienta para la competitividad. Caso: unidad administrativa facultad de ingeniería
Autores
Ojeda Sánchez, Javier Ricardo
Director
Tipo de contenido
Trabajo de grado - Maestría
Idioma del documento
EspañolFecha de publicación
2017-03-14
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Resumen
El concepto de Lean, es muy conocido en empresas de manufactura para eliminar desperdicios y aumentar la eficiencia. En países desarrollados, el Lean ya ha sido utilizado por entidades gubernamentales como forma de mejoramiento continuo, pero aún no ha sido considerada como una alternativa en entidades del Estado en Colombia, tal es el caso de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, una Institución de Educación Superior que no se ha visto como una empresa y, en general, no ha aplicado herramientas suficientes de ingeniería para su mejoramiento. Por tal razón, esta investigación se realizó en la Unidad Administrativa de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, entidad pública del orden nacional, donde actualmente, se está considerando la necesidad de disminuir sus residuos. Se hizo un diagnóstico inicial en el que se identificaron las necesidades y posteriormente, se aplicaron los principios de lean para optimizar los procesos y su efecto. El mayor desafío fue la apropiación de los conceptos de “lean government” por parte de los funcionarios después de la socialización para optimizar los procesos que incluían desde la escritura de los procedimientos hasta la implementación de 5s, kaizen, Value Stream Mapping, entre otras herramientas. Como resultado se obtuvo un mejoramiento considerable en los servicios prestados a los beneficiarios de la entidad y la reducción de los desperdicios que usualmente no son medidos en una entidad pública.
Abstract: The concept of Lean is well known in manufacturing companies to eliminate waste and increase efficiency. In developed countries, the Lean has already been used by government entities as a way of continuous improve ment, but has not yet been considered as an alternativ e in state entities in Colombia. Such is the case of the Na tional University of Colombia, a Higher Education Institution that has not seen as a company and, in general, has not applied engineering tools for its improvement. For this reason, this research was carried out at the Engineering Faculty Administrative unit of the National University of Colombia, a public entity of the national order, where the need to reduce its waste is being considered . An initial diagnosis was made in which the needs were identified and later, the lean principles were applied to optimize the processes and their effect. The biggest challenge was the appropria tion of the concepts of "lean government" by the officials after the socialization to optimize the processes that included from the writing of the procedures to the implementation of 5s, kaizen, Value Stream Mapping among other tools. As a result, there wa s a considerable improvement in the services provided to the beneficiaries of the entity and the reduction of waste that is not usually measured in a public entity.
Abstract: The concept of Lean is well known in manufacturing companies to eliminate waste and increase efficiency. In developed countries, the Lean has already been used by government entities as a way of continuous improve ment, but has not yet been considered as an alternativ e in state entities in Colombia. Such is the case of the Na tional University of Colombia, a Higher Education Institution that has not seen as a company and, in general, has not applied engineering tools for its improvement. For this reason, this research was carried out at the Engineering Faculty Administrative unit of the National University of Colombia, a public entity of the national order, where the need to reduce its waste is being considered . An initial diagnosis was made in which the needs were identified and later, the lean principles were applied to optimize the processes and their effect. The biggest challenge was the appropria tion of the concepts of "lean government" by the officials after the socialization to optimize the processes that included from the writing of the procedures to the implementation of 5s, kaizen, Value Stream Mapping among other tools. As a result, there wa s a considerable improvement in the services provided to the beneficiaries of the entity and the reduction of waste that is not usually measured in a public entity.