Política pública para la gestión integral del recurso hídrico en Quindío-Risaralda 2008-2015
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Pulgarín-Franco, John-Alejandro
Mejía-Gutiérrez, Jaime
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2017-01-01
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La vulnerabilidad hídrica presentada por los cambios del clima es aumentada por la debilidad de los tomadores de decisiones y la pasividad de los ciudadanos; de aquí la importancia de las acciones derivadas de la política pública en cuanto al manejo del recurso hídrico. Con un enfoque metodológico cualitativo que involucrara aspectos exploratorios (estudio de caso, grupos focales, entrevistas semi-estructuradas y técnicas de observación), se identificaron las acciones de política pública en el manejo del recurso hídrico en los departamentos de Quindío y Risaralda (Colombia) para el periodo 2008-2015, entre las cuales se encuentran la adquisición y reforestación de áreas estratégicas para la conservación del recurso; establecimiento de los Sistemas Municipales de Áreas Protegidas SIMAP; campañas frente al uso racional y ahorro del agua; y acciones de limpieza y recuperación de fuentes hídricas. No obstante, estas acciones son insuficientes, debido a las múltiples problemáticas, como la presión generada por el crecimiento poblacional, el crecimiento urbanístico y las actividades económicas que afectan las franjas de protección de las cuencas hídricas y rondas de los nacimientos, demostrándose así las debilidades frente al manejo del recurso hídrico, por lo que es imperante la necesidad de que se fortalezcan las acciones tendientes a responder a esta problemática, lo anterior a partir de la actualización de los instrumentos de ordenamiento territorial, y que los planes de desarrollo municipal y departamental incluyan las determinantes ambientales suministradas por las Autoridades Ambientales, las cuales a su vez deberán aumentar su presencia en aras de cumplir con sus funciones misionales.
The water vulnerability caused by climate changes is increased by the weakness of decision-makers and the passivity of citizens, highlighting the importance of actions derived from public policy on the management of water resources. Using a qualitative methodological approach that involved exploratory aspects (case study, focus groups, semi-structured interviews and observation techniques), public policy actions were identified in the management of water resources in the departments of Quindío and Risaralda (Colombia) for the period 2008-2015, including the acquisition and reforestation of strategic areas for the conservation of this resource, establishment of Municipal Protected Area Systems SIMAP, campaigns for rational use and water savings; and actions for cleaning and recovering water sources. However, these actions are insufficient because of multiple problems, such as the pressure generated by population growth, urban growth and economic activities that affect the protection bands of the watersheds and head waters, demonstrating the weaknesses of the management of the water resource, which is why it is imperative to strengthen the actions taken against these problems, to update of the instruments of territorial ordering, and to create municipal plans and departmental development that include the environmental guidelines provided by the Environmental Authorities, which in turn must increase their presence in order to fulfill their objectives.
The water vulnerability caused by climate changes is increased by the weakness of decision-makers and the passivity of citizens, highlighting the importance of actions derived from public policy on the management of water resources. Using a qualitative methodological approach that involved exploratory aspects (case study, focus groups, semi-structured interviews and observation techniques), public policy actions were identified in the management of water resources in the departments of Quindío and Risaralda (Colombia) for the period 2008-2015, including the acquisition and reforestation of strategic areas for the conservation of this resource, establishment of Municipal Protected Area Systems SIMAP, campaigns for rational use and water savings; and actions for cleaning and recovering water sources. However, these actions are insufficient because of multiple problems, such as the pressure generated by population growth, urban growth and economic activities that affect the protection bands of the watersheds and head waters, demonstrating the weaknesses of the management of the water resource, which is why it is imperative to strengthen the actions taken against these problems, to update of the instruments of territorial ordering, and to create municipal plans and departmental development that include the environmental guidelines provided by the Environmental Authorities, which in turn must increase their presence in order to fulfill their objectives.