Estudio económico-financiero del aprovechamiento de las grasas extraídas del residuo de descarne “Unche” derivado del proceso de curtición en el municipio de Villapinzón-Cundinamarca

Abstract

Una de las actividades del precurtido es la operación de descarne, en la cual se retira el tejido adiposo subcutáneo. El residuo obtenido se denomina Unche (residuo de descarne), el cual representa entre un 20 a un 35% del peso inicial de la piel. En el municipio de Villapinzón se producen en promedio 720 toneladas mensuales en Unche, el cual genera un impacto ambiental negativo, debido a que en la actualidad, este residuo se deposita en botaderos ilegales a cielo abierto o en la zona de ronda del río Bogotá. Este residuo se caracteriza por ser rico en grasa y proteína de origen animal, lo que abre la posibilidad de desarrollar procesos que permitan su extracción y aprovechamiento, trasformando de esta manera el Unche de un residuo indeseable a un subproducto generador de materia prima para otros procesos productivos. La grasa de origen animal puede ser integrada al proceso productivo de industrias como la cosmética, la producción de comida para animales y elaboración de jabones entre otras, por lo que el Unche adquiere valor comercial al pasar de ser un desecho de las curtiembres a convertirse en una fuente de materia prima de industrias productoras de grasas. El presente trabajo realiza un estudio económico y financiero de la valorización de las grasas extraídas del Unche en el municipio de Villapinzón, con el fin de mejorar la competitividad de las curtiembres del municipio, disminuir la contaminación y generar ingresos extras para quienes desarrollan esta actividad.

/ Abstract. One of the activities before tanning the skin is to remove the subcutaneous grease. This residue is called Unche (oily residue), which represents between 20 to 35% of initial weight of the skin. In the municipality of Villapinzón are produced on average 720 tons per month in Unche, in which generates a negative environmental impact because at present, this waste is deposited in open dumps or illegal in the area round of the Bogota River. This residue contains grease and animal protein, which provides the ability to develop processes that allow its extraction and use, so the Unche becomes raw material for other production processes. The animal grease can be integrated into the production process in industries such as cosmetics, the production of pet food and soap making, among others, thus the commercial value Unche acquires and provides raw materials for industries producing grease. This paper provides an economic and financial Appreciation of grease extracted from Unche Villapinzón the municipality in order to improve the competitiveness of the tanneries of the city, reduce pollution and generate extra income for those who develop this activity. One of the activities before tanning the skin is to remove the subcutaneous grease. This residue is called Unche (oily residue), which represents between 20 to 35% of initial weight of the skin. In the municipality of Villapinzón are produced on average 720 tons per month in Unche, in which generates a negative environmental impact because at present, this waste is deposited in open dumps or illegal in the area round of the Bogota River. This residue contains grease and animal protein, which provides the ability to develop processes that allow its extraction and use, so the Unche becomes raw material for other production processes. The animal grease can be integrated into the production process in industries such as cosmetics, the production of pet food and soap making, among others, thus the commercial value Unche acquires and provides raw materials for industries producing grease. This paper provides an economic and financial Appreciation of grease extracted from Unche Villapinzón the municipality in order to improve the competitiveness of the tanneries of the city, reduce pollution and generate extra income for those who develop this activity.