Selección de áreas estratégicas para la conservación en proyectos de desarrollo
Archivos
Autores
Cortés Izquierdo, Lorena Tatiana
Director
Tipo de contenido
Trabajo de grado - Maestría
Idioma del documento
EspañolFecha de publicación
2018-09-16
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Documentos PDF
Resumen
La selección de áreas estratégicas para la conservación en proyectos de desarrollo se realizó a partir de la formulación de una metodología que permite escoger zonas aptas para este fin, teniendo en cuenta sus localizaciones geográficas, condiciones ambientales y los costos de la tierra. Inicialmente, fue necesario definir aquellos criterios que como parte de las dimensiones ambientales tienen parámetros y variables que permiten identificar el estado actual de la zona que se desea analizar, en este caso la zona de estudio definida para llevar a cabo esta investigación académica es el área de amortiguación del Parque Nacional Natural Los Nevados, en donde se analizaron aspectos como el almacenamiento de carbono, el rendimiento hídrico y hábitat a partir de las coberturas de la tierra, previamente identificadas. El almacenamiento de carbono fue calculado teniendo en cuenta la información de biomasa de las coberturas de suelo de 1982 y 2016, por su parte el rendimiento hídrico fue estimado con base en la escorrentía obtenida de la relación de evapotranspiración real, la precipitación y la temperatura; finalmente el hábitat se definió a partir de la ponderación dada por expertos en temas ambientales coberturas y su importancia para la conservación. Adicionalmente, se estableció el costo por hectárea en la zona de estudio, relacionando el tipo de cobertura con la pendiente en la que se encuentra ubicada la misma, los precios de predios fueron establecidos mediante entrevistas realizadas a personas que viven o trabajan en el área. Finalmente, fue desarrollado un algoritmo que permite establecer el aporte a la conservación de cada hectárea, realizando un análisis multiobjetivo entre los criterios antes descritos y la conectividad, determinada por la proximidad entre píxeles en un radio de estudio previamente establecido, obteniendo como resultado la selección de tierras con importancia para la conservación, usando de este modo los recursos financieros de manera óptima.
Abstract: the selection of strategic areas for conservation in development projects was made from the formulation of a methodology that allows to choose suitable areas for this purpose, taking into account their geographical locations, environmental conditions and land costs. Initially, it was necessary to define those criteria that, as part of the environmental dimensions, have parameters and variables that allow us to identify the current state of the area that we want to analyze, in this case the study area defined to carry out this academic research is the buffer area of the Los Nevados National Natural Park, where aspects such as carbon storage, water yield and habitat from land cover, previously identified, were analyzed. The carbon storage was calculated taking into account the biomass information of the soil cover of 1982 and 2016; the water yield was estimated based on the runoff obtained from the ratio of real evapotranspiration, precipitation and temperature; Finally, the habitat was defined based on the weights given by experts in environmental issues, land coverage and its importance for conservation. Additionally, the cost per hectare was established in the study area, relating the type of coverage with the slope in which it is located; properties prices were established through interviews with people who live or work in the area. Finally, an algorithm was developed that allows establishing the contribution to the conservation of each hectare, performing a multiobjective analysis among the previously described criteria and connectivity, determined by pixel proximity in a previously established study radius, obtaining as a result the purchase of lands of importance for conservation, using financial resources in an optimal way.
Abstract: the selection of strategic areas for conservation in development projects was made from the formulation of a methodology that allows to choose suitable areas for this purpose, taking into account their geographical locations, environmental conditions and land costs. Initially, it was necessary to define those criteria that, as part of the environmental dimensions, have parameters and variables that allow us to identify the current state of the area that we want to analyze, in this case the study area defined to carry out this academic research is the buffer area of the Los Nevados National Natural Park, where aspects such as carbon storage, water yield and habitat from land cover, previously identified, were analyzed. The carbon storage was calculated taking into account the biomass information of the soil cover of 1982 and 2016; the water yield was estimated based on the runoff obtained from the ratio of real evapotranspiration, precipitation and temperature; Finally, the habitat was defined based on the weights given by experts in environmental issues, land coverage and its importance for conservation. Additionally, the cost per hectare was established in the study area, relating the type of coverage with the slope in which it is located; properties prices were established through interviews with people who live or work in the area. Finally, an algorithm was developed that allows establishing the contribution to the conservation of each hectare, performing a multiobjective analysis among the previously described criteria and connectivity, determined by pixel proximity in a previously established study radius, obtaining as a result the purchase of lands of importance for conservation, using financial resources in an optimal way.