Fluctuaciones térmicas en la conductividad de superconductores de alta temperatura en presencia de campos magnéticos
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Roa Rojas, Jairo
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2001
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Una de las características más interesantes de los materiales superconductores de tipo II es la que se observa en las proximidades de la transición entre los estados normal y superconductor y que consiste en la ocurrencia de nuevos canales de transporte de super- partículas aún en el estado normal. A este fenómeno, conocido como fluctuaciones termodinámicas, pertenecen varios tipos de efectos observables en los óxidos superconductores de alta temperatura crítica, a los cuales se puede acceder mediante mediciones de propiedades de equilibrio y de transporte. No obstante la relativa facilidad para obtener información al respecto de la evidencia experimental de este fenómeno, la comprensión de los mecanismos físicos que lo originan no es frecuentemente explícita en la literatura.El objetivo de este artículo es la presentación de las causas, de las consecuencias y de algunas evidencias experimentales del efecto de las fluctuaciones térmicas en la conductividad eléctrica, en presencia de campos magnéticos, en materiales superconductores de alta temperatura crítica.
One very interesting characteristic of the type II superconductor materials is observed in the neighborhood of the transition between normal and superconductor states, which is related with the occurrence of new transport channels of superparticles still in the normal phase. This phenomenon is known as thermodynamic fluctuations and is conformed by some types of observable effects in the high temperature oxides. These are experimentally accessible by measurements of equilibrium and transport properties. Although it is relatively easy t o obtain information of the experimental evidence of this phenomenon, the understanding of the physical mechanisms involved is not frequently explicit in the literature. The aim of this article is to present the origin, the consequences and any experimental evidences of the effects of thermal fluctuations in the electric conductivity, on the magnetic fields application, in high critical temperature superconductors.
One very interesting characteristic of the type II superconductor materials is observed in the neighborhood of the transition between normal and superconductor states, which is related with the occurrence of new transport channels of superparticles still in the normal phase. This phenomenon is known as thermodynamic fluctuations and is conformed by some types of observable effects in the high temperature oxides. These are experimentally accessible by measurements of equilibrium and transport properties. Although it is relatively easy t o obtain information of the experimental evidence of this phenomenon, the understanding of the physical mechanisms involved is not frequently explicit in the literature. The aim of this article is to present the origin, the consequences and any experimental evidences of the effects of thermal fluctuations in the electric conductivity, on the magnetic fields application, in high critical temperature superconductors.