Distribución de genotipos de rotavirus del grupo A en once departamentos de Colombia posterior a la introducción de la vacuna anti-rotavirus, 2009 - 2013
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Autores
Clavijo Yate, Giselle Carolina
Director
Pelaez, Dioselina (Thesis advisor)
Tipo de contenido
Trabajo de grado - Maestría
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EspañolFecha de publicación
2014
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Resumen
La introducción de la vacuna antirotavirus a comienzos del año 2009 en Colombia generó la necesidad de monitorear la circulación y distribución de genotipos de rotavirus y aparición de nuevas cepas. En los años 2008 y 2009 los genotipos predominantes fueron G2P[6], G1P[6], G9P[6] y en menor proporción G2P[4], que a partir de 2010 incrementó su circulación con variaciones en frecuencia hasta el 2012, donde se evidencia tendencia al descenso y aparición de genotipos G9P[8], G9P[4] y G2P[8]. A finales del 2012 emerge el genotipo G12P[8] y es el agente causal de brote de diarrea a mediados de 2013. La presencia de varios genotipos diferentes detectados luego de la introducción de la vacuna Rotarix®, pudiera no estar relacionada a la presión inmunológica sino al patrón de circulación de estos virus y a la tasa de mutaciones dada la naturaleza segmentada del genoma. La no detección de G1P[8] durante este mismo periodo no es suficientemente concluyente en cuanto a efectividad de la vacuna puesto que no hay información de años anteriores de la frecuencia de este genotipo en el país.
Abstract. The antirotavirus vaccine introduction in Colombia at the beginning of 2009, created the necessity of oversees circulation and distribution of rotavirus genotypes as well as new strains appearance. The prevailing genotypes at 2008 and 2009 were G2P[6], G1P[6], G9P[6] and G2P[4] with minor proportion, but from 2010 this genotype’s circulation increased with frequency variations until 2012, when a decline trend is shown and appear G9P[8], G9P[4] and G2P[8] genotypes. At the end of 2012 emerges G12P[8] genotype which causes a diarrhea outbreak at mid-2013. The presence of several kind of genotypes, detected after introduction of Rotarix® vaccine could not be related with immunological pressure, but with this viruses circulation pattern and the mutations’ rate, given the segmented nature of genome. Non detection of G1P[8] during the same period, is not conclusive enough in terms of the vaccine’s effectiveness, due to there is no prior information about this genotype frequency in the country.
Abstract. The antirotavirus vaccine introduction in Colombia at the beginning of 2009, created the necessity of oversees circulation and distribution of rotavirus genotypes as well as new strains appearance. The prevailing genotypes at 2008 and 2009 were G2P[6], G1P[6], G9P[6] and G2P[4] with minor proportion, but from 2010 this genotype’s circulation increased with frequency variations until 2012, when a decline trend is shown and appear G9P[8], G9P[4] and G2P[8] genotypes. At the end of 2012 emerges G12P[8] genotype which causes a diarrhea outbreak at mid-2013. The presence of several kind of genotypes, detected after introduction of Rotarix® vaccine could not be related with immunological pressure, but with this viruses circulation pattern and the mutations’ rate, given the segmented nature of genome. Non detection of G1P[8] during the same period, is not conclusive enough in terms of the vaccine’s effectiveness, due to there is no prior information about this genotype frequency in the country.