Propuesta pedagógica que contribuya a la enseñanza en ciencias naturales en el tema de la materia- separación de mezclas, utilizando un simulador virtual y práctica de laboratorio.
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Osorio Bermúdez, Deicy Stella
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Los estudiantes del grado décimo de la media técnica en cocina de la Institución Educativa San Vicente de Paúl presentan dificultades en el aprendizaje de los principios de separación de mezclas, debido a que tienen dificultades para asimilar conceptos como sustancia y hay poca comprensión de los procesos físicos y químicos de la materia. Se propone en este trabajo elaborar e implementar una estrategia de enseñanza para estudiantes de secundaria, la cual se fundamenta en la teoría de aprendizaje significativo crítico para la enseñanza del tema de materia-separación de mezclas. Para llevar a cabo esta propuesta, se desarrolló un diagnóstico mediante un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas y de selección múltiple con única respuesta, posteriormente se diseñó una unidad didáctica que incluyó los conceptos básicos que los estudiantes debían saber acerca de las generalidades, propiedades, cambios de la materia, mezclas y métodos de separación de mezclas, además un simulador virtual y práctica de laboratorio real; por último, se realizó la aplicación de la unidad didáctica por medio del ciclo de aprendizaje regulado, la cual fue evaluada con el fin de determinar los logros de aprendizaje, dando como resultado una mejor comprensión, argumentación e interpretación en lo relacionado con la materia-separación de mezclas, de acuerdo con el diagnóstico inicial.
Abstract: The students of the tenth grade of the technical average in kitchen of the Educational Institution San Vicente de Paúl present difficulties in the learning of the principles of separation of mixtures, because they have difficulties to assimilate concepts like substance and there is little understanding of the physical processes and chemicals of the matter. It is proposed in this work to develop and implement a teaching strategy for secondary school students, which is based on the theory of critical meaningful learning for the teaching of the topic of matter-separation of mixtures. To carry out this proposal, a diagnosis was developed by means of a questionnaire with open and multiple-choice questions with a single answer, later a didactic unit was designed that included the basic concepts that the students had to know about the generalities, properties, changes of the matter, mixtures and methods of separation of mixtures, in addition a virtual simulator and real laboratory practice; Finally, the application of the didactic unit was carried out through the regulated learning cycle, which was evaluated in order to determine the learning achievements, resulting in a better understanding, argumentation and interpretation in relation to the subject- separation of mixtures, according to the initial diagnosis.
Abstract: The students of the tenth grade of the technical average in kitchen of the Educational Institution San Vicente de Paúl present difficulties in the learning of the principles of separation of mixtures, because they have difficulties to assimilate concepts like substance and there is little understanding of the physical processes and chemicals of the matter. It is proposed in this work to develop and implement a teaching strategy for secondary school students, which is based on the theory of critical meaningful learning for the teaching of the topic of matter-separation of mixtures. To carry out this proposal, a diagnosis was developed by means of a questionnaire with open and multiple-choice questions with a single answer, later a didactic unit was designed that included the basic concepts that the students had to know about the generalities, properties, changes of the matter, mixtures and methods of separation of mixtures, in addition a virtual simulator and real laboratory practice; Finally, the application of the didactic unit was carried out through the regulated learning cycle, which was evaluated in order to determine the learning achievements, resulting in a better understanding, argumentation and interpretation in relation to the subject- separation of mixtures, according to the initial diagnosis.