Análisis ambiental de la fungicultura urbana en tres localidades de Bogotá

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Reyes Forero, Iris Andrea

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Mushroom cultivation, also called fungiculture, is an activity that belongs to the agricultural sector in Colombia. In recent years small-scale urban fungiculture has emerged in Bogotá, due to the increase in demand for organic products, proteins of non-animal origin. and the interest of producers to find an alternative livelihood. The research conducted seeks to investigate the characteristics and environmental impacts of this activity, as well as its relationship with agroecology. Through a case study of the productive chain of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) in three productive units of three different localities, the application of the Product Life Cycle Analysis (ACV) and the participatory design. The advantages and disadvantages and possible improvements to promote the mushroom sector in the city of this activity were determined. The adjusted conceptual LCA allowed us to know the environmental impacts throughout all the productive stages, from the obtaining of raw materials to the final disposal. It was found that urban fungiculture in Bogotá is a young activity with a presence in almost all localities, with productive units that are generally unregistered microenterprises and with an inconsistent and small-scale artisanal production, which has more positive than negative impacts ambient. The mushroom growers recognize themselves as agroecologists and mycologists, which displays their extensive knowledge in the area and their pedagogical function by stimulating the exchange of knowledge within the city and promoting local actions for solid waste management, and the promotion of consumption of vegan diets. These results suggest that fungiculture, which starts from an agroecological base, can be a productive activity that generates more positive than negative impacts. Therefore, it should be promoted among the food production sector, both urban and rural throughout the country.

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