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Desarrollo de sistemas instrumentales para el diagnóstico nutricional de plantas y suelos en campo

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Tesis de doctorado en Ciencias Agrarias (1.377Mb)
Author
Ospino Villalba, Karen Stefanie
Advisor
Pérez Naranjo, Juan Carlos
Type
Trabajo de grado - Doctorado
Document language
Español
Publication Date
2024-08-23
@misc{unal_87051, author = {Ospino Villalba Karen Stefanie}, title = {Desarrollo de sistemas instrumentales para el diagnóstico nutricional de plantas y suelos en campo}, year = {2024-08-23}, abstract = {The growing global demand for food requires improved agricultural productivity and the efficient use of fertilizers, which excessively applied may possess environmental concerns. To stimulate the local development of systems to support the rational use of fertilizers, this research presents two preliminary open-source instrumental developments for crops nutritional diagnosis. The first is a 3D printing prototype coupled to a smartphone's ambient light sensor, which was evaluated to estimate the chlorophyll content in oil palm leaves (Elaeis guineensis Jacq), potato (Solanum tuberosum; L.), coffee (Coffea arabica L.), cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), and kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov.). This device presented a performance comparable to chlorophyll measurements taken with a SPAD 502™ meter or a spectrophotometer, used here as comparison gold standards. A system for analyzing nutrients based on multispectral images of leaf samples is also presented. Statistical models for leaf nutrient estimation based on light bands reflection by dried samples of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum) and banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) indicated a reasonable estimate of 11 nutrients, with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.84 for nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, along with a lower performance to estimate other nutrients. Not without the drawbacks tied to incipient yet open prototyping, these results are expected to stimulate the local development of technologies for less developed regions, which support the efficient use of fertilizers and agricultural productivity. Increased access to these open-source technologies would promote digital agriculture and local instrument development.}, url = {https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/87051} }TY - GEN T1 - Desarrollo de sistemas instrumentales para el diagnóstico nutricional de plantas y suelos en campo AU - Ospino Villalba, Karen Stefanie Y1 - 2024-08-23 UR - https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/87051 PB - Universidad Nacional de Colombia AB - The growing global demand for food requires improved agricultural productivity and the efficient use of fertilizers, which excessively applied may possess environmental concerns. To stimulate the local development of systems to support the rational use of fertilizers, this research presents two preliminary open-source instrumental developments for crops nutritional diagnosis. The first is a 3D printing prototype coupled to a smartphone's ambient light sensor, which was evaluated to estimate the chlorophyll content in oil palm leaves (Elaeis guineensis Jacq), potato (Solanum tuberosum; L.), coffee (Coffea arabica L.), cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), and kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov.). This device presented a performance comparable to chlorophyll measurements taken with a SPAD 502™ meter or a spectrophotometer, used here as comparison gold standards. A system for analyzing nutrients based on multispectral images of leaf samples is also presented. Statistical models for leaf nutrient estimation based on light bands reflection by dried samples of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum) and banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) indicated a reasonable estimate of 11 nutrients, with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.84 for nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, along with a lower performance to estimate other nutrients. Not without the drawbacks tied to incipient yet open prototyping, these results are expected to stimulate the local development of technologies for less developed regions, which support the efficient use of fertilizers and agricultural productivity. Increased access to these open-source technologies would promote digital agriculture and local instrument development. ER -
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Abstract
The growing global demand for food requires improved agricultural productivity and the efficient use of fertilizers, which excessively applied may possess environmental concerns. To stimulate the local development of systems to support the rational use of fertilizers, this research presents two preliminary open-source instrumental developments for crops nutritional diagnosis. The first is a 3D printing prototype coupled to a smartphone's ambient light sensor, which was evaluated to estimate the chlorophyll content in oil palm leaves (Elaeis guineensis Jacq), potato (Solanum tuberosum; L.), coffee (Coffea arabica L.), cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), and kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov.). This device presented a performance comparable to chlorophyll measurements taken with a SPAD 502™ meter or a spectrophotometer, used here as comparison gold standards. A system for analyzing nutrients based on multispectral images of leaf samples is also presented. Statistical models for leaf nutrient estimation based on light bands reflection by dried samples of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum) and banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) indicated a reasonable estimate of 11 nutrients, with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.84 for nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, along with a lower performance to estimate other nutrients. Not without the drawbacks tied to incipient yet open prototyping, these results are expected to stimulate the local development of technologies for less developed regions, which support the efficient use of fertilizers and agricultural productivity. Increased access to these open-source technologies would promote digital agriculture and local instrument development.
 
Summary
La demanda creciente global de alimentos requiere mejorar la productividad agrícola y el uso eficiente de fertilizantes, los cuales, cuando son aplicados en exceso, impactan negativamente el medio ambiente. Para estimular el desarrollo local de sistemas que apoyen el uso racional de fertilizantes, esta investigación presenta dos desarrollos instrumentales preliminares de código abierto para el diagnóstico nutricional de cultivos. El primero es un prototipo de impresión 3D acoplado al sensor de luz ambiental de un teléfono inteligente, que se evaluó para estimar el contenido de clorofila en hojas de palma de aceite (Elaeis guineensis Jacq), papa (Solanum tuberosum; L.), café (Coffea arabica L.), cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) y pasto kikuyo (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov.). Este dispositivo presentó un desempeño comparable al de mediciones de clorofila con un medidor SPAD 502™ o con un espectrofotómetro, usados como estándar de comparación. También se presenta un sistema para analizar nutrientes basado en imágenes multiespectrales de muestras foliares. Modelos estadísticos basados en reflexión de bandas de luz por muestras secas de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), caucho (Hevea brasiliensis), crisantemo (Dendranthema grandiflorum) y banano (Musa paradisiaca L.) indicaron una estimación razonable de 11 nutrientes, con coeficiente de determinación superior a 0,84 para nitrógeno, fósforo y potasio, y con un desempeño inferior para estimar otros nutrientes. Aún con limitaciones asociadas a prototipos incipientes pero abiertos, con estos resultados se espera estimular el desarrollo local de tecnologías para la agricultura digital en regiones menos desarrolladas, que apoyen el uso eficiente de fertilizantes y la productividad agrícola. (Texto tomado de la fuente)
 
Keywords
Análisis de plantas ; imágenes multiespectrales ; hardware abierto ; agricultura digital ; sensores de teléfonos inteligentes ; impresión 3D en agricultura ; monitoreo de cultivos ; Plant analysis ; multispectral imaging ; open hardware ; digital farming ; Smartphone sensors ; 3D printing in agriculture ; Crop sensingo ;
Physical description
ilustraciones, diagramas, fotografías
URI
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/87051
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  • Doctorado en Ciencias Agrarias [27]

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