Public policies are a tool that is implemented within a society to ensure, assert or restore some of the rights of citizens. Therefore it is necessary the development, recognition and registration beforehand, and honestly aware of the need for such rights. Sean constitutional rights and guarantees fundamental human rights or, in a country where internal conflict from those contained in international humanitarian law, it is important to emphasize the relevance of the existence of social policies that recognize and Concerten human rights as a whole. Hence it is necessary to recognize differences of perspective in formulating and implementing policies based on needs, minimum material goods or services, of which only some are recognized as rights and therefore bonds, that when it comes to a field which defines the value of human dignity and the exercise of rights fully recognized in such policies. Thus, from the viewpoint of this constitutional paradigm defense of fundamental guarantees have to approach the theme of adolescence, taking into account the important thing is to understand "the children and adolescents, and not as a set of needs, but as subjects of enforceable rights "(UN, 2003, p. 21). The specific objectives are to analyze the implications and effects of conciliation as an alternative mechanism of defense and protection of juvenile offenders, describe the mechanism for implementation at the time of the light sentence and conviction and execution to develop a prognosis for reform of State and Bill Bill 153 of 2010 in progress aimed to toughen penalties for young offenders.