Análisis de los niveles de metilación del ADN relacionados con la exposición a la violencia y su impacto en medidas de salud cerebral en una muestra de adultos colombianos

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dc.contributor.advisorSantamaría García, Hernando
dc.contributor.authorÁvila Rincón, Cristian David
dc.coverage.countryColombia
dc.coverage.tgnhttp://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/1000050
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-12T22:32:37Z
dc.date.available2026-02-12T22:32:37Z
dc.date.issued2025-11-25
dc.descriptionilustraciones a color, diagramasspa
dc.description.abstractLa exposición crónica a violencia puede inducir alteraciones epigenéticas con repercusiones sobre la salud cerebral. El presente estudio examinó la relación entre exposición a violencia, aceleración de la edad epigenética (AEE) y medidas de salud cerebral en adultos afectados por el conflicto armado colombiano, incluyendo excombatientes y víctimas civiles. Se analizaron 54 participantes (35 expuestos y 19 controles) mediante pruebas de cognición (MoCA), funciones ejecutivas (IFS) y funcionalidad (FAST), junto con cinco relojes epigenéticos (Horvath1, Horvath2, Hannum, PhenoAge y GrimAge) y dos marcadores complementarios (DNAmTL y DunedinPACE). La AEE estimada por GrimAge fue significativamente mayor en personas expuestas a violencia (p < 0.05; d = –0.573) y en quienes presentaron menor desempeño ejecutivo (p < 0.01). En los análisis estratificados por nivel educativo, PhenoAge mostró una asociación significativa entre menor escolaridad y mayor aceleración epigenética en participantes con bajo rendimiento ejecutivo (β = 1.306; IC95%: 0.186–2.426; p < 0.05 ). Aunque los modelos de mediación no revelaron efectos indirectos consistentes, los resultados evidencian vínculos biológicos diferenciados entre violencia, envejecimiento epigenético y función cognitiva, y sugieren que la educación podría modular los efectos del estrés crónico sobre el envejecimiento cerebral. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractChronic exposure to violence can induce epigenetic alterations with repercussions for brain health. The present study examined the relationship between exposure to violence, epigenetic age acceleration (EAA), and measures of brain health in adults affected by the Colombian armed conflict, including former combatants and civilian victims. A total of 54 participants (35 exposed and 19 controls) were assessed through cognitive tests (MoCA), executive function (IFS), and functionality (FAST), along with five epigenetic clocks (Horvath1, Horvath2, Hannum, PhenoAge, and GrimAge) and two complementary markers (DNAmTL and DunedinPACE). EAA estimated by GrimAge was significantly higher in individuals exposed to violence (p < 0.05; d = –0.573) and in those with poorer executive performance (p < 0.01). In analyses stratified by educational level, PhenoAge showed a significant association between lower schooling and greater epigenetic acceleration among participants with low executive performance (β = 1.306; 95% CI: 0.186–2.426; p < 0.05). Although mediation models did not reveal consistent indirect effects, the results indicate differentiated biological links between violence, epigenetic aging, and cognitive function, suggesting that education may modulate the impact of chronic stress on brain aging.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Neurociencias
dc.description.researchareaComportamiento humano
dc.format.extentxi, 75 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89534
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicina
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Neurociencias
dc.relation.indexedBireme
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dc.relation.referencesSclan SG, Reisberg B. Functional Assessment Staging (FAST) in Alzheimer’s Disease: Reliability, Validity, and Ordinality. International Psychogeriatrics. 1 de abril de 1992;4(3):55-69.
dc.relation.referencesRoyall DR, Lauterbach EC, Cummings JL, Reeve A, Rummans TA, Kaufer DI, et al. Executive control function: a review of its promise and challenges for clinical research. A report from the Committee on Research of the American Neuropsychiatric Association. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2002;14(4):377-405.
dc.relation.referencesChen SW, Keglovits M, Devine M, Stark S. Sociodemographic Differences in Respondent Preferences for Survey Formats: Sampling Bias and Potential Threats to External Validity. Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl. 13 de diciembre de 2021;4(1):100175.
dc.relation.referencesMunafò MR, Tilling K, Taylor AE, Evans DM, Davey Smith G. Collider scope: when selection bias can substantially influence observed associations. Int J Epidemiol. 1 de febrero de 2018;47(1):226-35.
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedades
dc.subject.decsFunción Ejecutivaspa
dc.subject.decsExecutive Functioneng
dc.subject.decsEstudios Transversalesspa
dc.subject.decsCross-Sectional Studieseng
dc.subject.decsEpigénesis Genéticaspa
dc.subject.decsEpigenesis, Geneticeng
dc.subject.proposalEpigenetic ageeng
dc.subject.proposalRelojes epigeneticosspa
dc.subject.proposalEpigenetic clockseng
dc.subject.proposalMetilación del ADNspa
dc.subject.proposalDNA methylationeng
dc.subject.proposalConflicto armadospa
dc.subject.proposalArmed clonflicteng
dc.subject.proposalSalud cerebralspa
dc.subject.proposalBrain healtheng
dc.subject.proposalCogniciónspa
dc.subject.proposalCognitioneng
dc.titleAnálisis de los niveles de metilación del ADN relacionados con la exposición a la violencia y su impacto en medidas de salud cerebral en una muestra de adultos colombianosspa
dc.title.translatedAnalysis of DNA methylation levels associated with exposure to violence and their impact on brain health measures in a sample of Colombian adultseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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Maestría en Neurociencias