Diseño de una estrategia de gestión de cambio basada en el análisis de la cultura organizacional : Un estudio sobre el contraste cultural España – Colombia en una multinacional

dc.contributor.advisorPantoja Ospina, Martín Alonso
dc.contributor.authorSánchez Ortiz, Víctor Hugo
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-20T12:36:52Z
dc.date.available2025-06-20T12:36:52Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptiongraficas, ilustraciones, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractEsta investigación tiene como objetivo diseñar una estrategia de gestión del cambio basada en el análisis de la cultura organizacional de una multinacional española con presencia en Colombia. La finalidad es fortalecer su capacidad de adaptación y respuesta ante un entorno empresarial dinámico y altamente competitivo. Para ello, se tomaron como referencia dos modelos teóricos ampliamente reconocidos. En primer lugar, el modelo de gestión del cambio de Kotter, compuesto por ocho pasos que estructuran el proceso de transformación organizacional y en segundo lugar, el modelo de cultura organizacional de Hofstede, que, a través de seis dimensiones, permitió analizar las características culturales de ambas sedes y su influencia en la gestión del cambio. A partir de estos modelos, se diseñó un instrumento de medición cualitativo estructurado de la siguiente manera: • Preguntas demográficas (6 preguntas): Orientadas a caracterizar la muestra y contextualizar los resultados. • Values Survey Module (VSM 2013) de Hofstede (24 preguntas): Utilizado para evaluar las dimensiones culturales presentes en la organización y comparar las diferencias entre las sedes de Colombia y España. • Cuestionario basado en los ocho pasos de Kotter (24 preguntas): Diseñado para analizar la percepción y experiencia de los empleados frente a los procesos de cambio en la empresa. Este instrumento, conformado por 54 preguntas en total, fue aplicado a 31 empleados en la sede de Colombia y a 28 en la sede de España. A partir de los datos obtenidos, se realizaron análisis descriptivos, bivariados y de correlación, lo que permitió identificar patrones, relaciones y diferencias significativas en la forma en que los empleados perciben y responden al cambio organizacional según su contexto cultural. Los resultados evidenciaron que la cultura organizacional juega un papel determinante en la implementación de cambios, ya que impacta la manera en que los empleados afrontan y asimilan las transformaciones. Se identificaron diferencias significativas en la percepción y respuesta al cambio entre las sedes de Colombia y España, influenciadas por características culturales específicas de cada país. En conclusión, se determinó que una estrategia de gestión del cambio efectiva en esta multinacional debe considerar las particularidades culturales de cada sede para lograr una implementación exitosa. Un enfoque homogéneo podría generar resistencia y limitar la efectividad del cambio, mientras que una estrategia adaptada a las diferencias culturales facilita la adopción y sostenibilidad del cambio a lo largo del tiempo. En este sentido, el estudio resalta la importancia de una comunicación clara, un liderazgo cercano y la participación de los empleados como factores clave para gestionar el cambio de manera efectiva en contextos multiculturales (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractThis research aims to design a change management strategy based on the analysis of the organizational culture of a Spanish multinational with a presence in Colombia. The objective is to strengthen its ability to adapt and respond to a dynamic and highly competitive business environment. To achieve this, two widely recognized theoretical models were used as a reference. First, Kotter’s change management model, which consists of eight steps that structure the organizational transformation process. Second, Hofstede’s organizational culture model, which, through six dimensions, allowed for an analysis of the cultural characteristics of both locations and their influence on change management. Based on these models, a qualitative measurement instrument was designed with the following structure: • Demographic questions (6 questions): Aimed at characterizing the sample and contextualizing the results. • Values Survey Module (VSM 2013) by Hofstede (24 questions): Used to assess the cultural dimensions present in the organization and compare the differences between the Colombia and Spain offices. • Questionnaire based on Kotter’s eight steps (24 questions): Designed to analyze employees' perception and experience regarding change processes within the company. This instrument, consisting of a total of 54 questions, was applied to 31 employees in the Colombia office and 28 in the Spain office. The data obtained was subjected to descriptive, bivariate, and correlation analysis, which allowed for the identification of patterns, relationships, and significant differences in how employees perceive and respond to organizational change based on their cultural context. The results demonstrated that organizational culture plays a crucial role in the implementation of changes, as it impacts how employees face and assimilate transformations. Significant differences were identified in the perception and response to change between the Colombia and Spain offices, influenced by specific cultural characteristics of each country. In conclusion, it was determined that an effective change management strategy in this multinational must consider the cultural particularities of each office to achieve successful implementation. A homogeneous approach could generate resistance and limit the effectiveness of change, whereas a strategy adapted to cultural differences facilitates adoption and ensures the sustainability of change over time. In this regard, the study highlights the importance of clear communication, close leadership, and employee participation as key factors in effectively managing change in multicultural contexts.eng
dc.description.curricularareaAdministración.Sede Manizalesspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Administraciónspa
dc.description.researchareaGestión de cambio y cultura organizacionalspa
dc.format.extent186 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88238
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Manizalesspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Administraciónspa
dc.publisher.placeManizales, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programManizales - Administración - Maestría en Administraciónspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc500 - Ciencias naturales y matemáticas::506 - Organización y gerenciaspa
dc.subject.proposalGestión de cambiospa
dc.subject.proposalCultura organizacionalspa
dc.subject.proposalMultinacionalspa
dc.subject.proposalColombia y Españaspa
dc.subject.proposalChange managementeng
dc.subject.proposalOrganizational cultureeng
dc.subject.proposalMultinationaleng
dc.subject.proposalColombia and Spaineng
dc.subject.unescoCultura del trabajospa
dc.subject.unescoCulture of workeng
dc.subject.unescoOrganizational changeeng
dc.subject.unescoCambio organizacionalspa
dc.titleDiseño de una estrategia de gestión de cambio basada en el análisis de la cultura organizacional : Un estudio sobre el contraste cultural España – Colombia en una multinacionalspa
dc.title.translatedDesign of a change management strategy based on organizational culture análisis : A study on the cultural contrast between Spain and Colombia in a multinational companyeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentAdministradoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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