Bioprospección de hongos liquenizados del páramo de Sumapaz como fuente prometedora de fármacos duales con actividad antioxidante y fotoprotectora

dc.contributor.advisorAguirre Ceballos, Jaimespa
dc.contributor.authorTorres Vargas, David Gilbertospa
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0001-5374-5784spa
dc.contributor.researchgatehttps://www.researchgate.net/profile/David-Torres-Vargasspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación en Estudios Biológicos y Fisicoquímicos de Líquenes Colombianosspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación en Química Medicinalspa
dc.coverage.cityBogotáspa
dc.coverage.countryColombiaspa
dc.coverage.regionCundinamarcaspa
dc.coverage.tgnhttp://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/1000838
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-22T22:35:02Z
dc.date.available2024-05-22T22:35:02Z
dc.date.issued2023-11-29
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramas, fotografíasspa
dc.description.abstractLos páramos son biomas de alta montaña sui generis localizados en el neotrópico, cuyos organismos están expuestos de forma constante a bajas temperaturas y alta irradiación. La radiación solar en su conjunto, pero en especial la radiación ultravioleta e infrarroja cercana, ha sido identificada como el factor etiológico de problemas de la piel, tales como el fotoenvejecimiento y diversos tipos de cáncer de piel (CP). Los productos naturales derivados de la flora de los páramos, en particular los hongos liquenizados (HL), han sido poco explorados; no obstante, debido a que los compuestos de líquenes no solo absorben la radiación UV sino que tienen actividad antioxidante, es posible proponerlos como una fuente original de compuestos que protejan de la radiación solar. Se evaluó la actividad antioxidante y fotoprotectora de varios extractos de HL del páramo de Sumapaz, donde el extracto de Lobariella sipmanii fue uno de los más activos y con mayor variedad de compuestos. De este HL se obtuvieron 3 compuestos, reportados por primera vez para la especie. Pseudociferelina A (1), 2,4-dihidroxi-3,5,6-trimetilbenzoato de metilo (2) y orselinato de metilo (3). De ellos, los compuestos monoaromáticos (2 y 3) presentaron absorción UV-B (FPS = 21,86 +/- 0,09 y 38,41 +/- 0,26 a 200 ug/mL respectivamente) y baja amplitud espectral (Longitud de onda crítica = 333,9 nm y 319,5 nm). Además, sus espectros de infrarrojo cercano son similares a los filtros solares comerciales usados como control y ofrecen protección para esta región del espectro electromagnético. Mientras que el compuesto 1 presentó un FPS de 9,82 +/- 0,58 a 200 ug/mL y mayor amplitud espectral (Longitud de onda crítica = 365,8 nm) similar a la de filtros de amplio espectro como el bemotrizinol (Longitud de onda crítica = 374,2 nm). Los compuestos 1 y 2 tuvieron actividad captadora de radicales libres (CE50 = 217,1 uM y 342,3uM respectivamente) y presentaron un porcentaje de inhibición de la peroxidación lipídica a 24 horas comparable con el BHT (p > 0,05), mientras que el compuesto 3 no presentó actividad antioxidante. Dado que el estrés oxidativo es uno de los factores que aceleran el desarrollo del CP y otros problemas cutáneos, la actividad captadora de radicales libres, el poder reductor férrico y la inhibición de la peroxidación lipídica de dos de los compuestos aislados (1 y 2) constituyen ventajas con respecto a los filtros solares comerciales disponibles actualmente. Asimismo, los compuestos aislados presentan menor potencial de causar alergias, menor toxicidad y más bajo potencial de bioacumulación para los organismos acuáticos in silico y están dentro de los parámetros de seguridad establecidos por la legislación europea. Lo que los convierte en alternativas para la fotoprotección y puede favorecer la bioprospección de los HL del neotrópico. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractParamos are sui generis high mountain biomes located in neotropics, whose organisms are constantly exposed to low temperatures and high sun irradiation. Sun rays, especially ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrarred (NIR) radiation, have been identified as an aetiological factor of skin problems including photo-aging and some types of skin cancer (SC). Natural products from Paramos’ flora, particularly lichenized fungi (LF), have been scarcely explored; however, lichen substances not only absorb UV radiation, but also have antioxidant activity. Hence, LF can be proposed as an original source for compounds with photoprotective activity. \par Several paramo's LF extracts have been evaluated for antioxidant and photoprotective activities. Lobariella sipmanii was one of the most active extracts and has the highest variety of compounds. From this LF three compounds were obtained for the first time. Pseudocypherallin A (1), 2,4-dihydroxy-3,5,6-trimethyl methylbenzoate (2) and methyl orsellinate (3). Monoaromatic compounds (2 and 3) presented UV-B and near infrared radiation absorption (SPF = 21.86 +/- 0.09 & 38.41 +/- 0.26 at 200 ug/mL) and low spectral amplitude (Critical wavelength = 333.9 nm & 319.5 nm). Moreover, their NIR spectra were similar to commercially available sunscreens; thus, also offered protection in this region. Whereas compound 1 had SPF value of 9.82 +/- 0.58 at 200 ug/mL and higher spectral amplitude (Critical wavelength = 365.8 nm), similar to modern wide-spectrum sunscreens like bemotrizinol (Critical wavelength = 374.2 nm). \par Compounds 1 and 2 had scavenging activity (EC50 = 217,1 uM & 342,3 uM respectively) and exhibit lipid peroxidation ihnibition percentages in 24 hours similar to BHT (p > 0,05), while compound 3 had not presented any antioxidant activity. Oxidative stress is one factor that accelerate SC and cutaneous problems development; therefore, radical scavenging, ferric reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibition from compounds 1 and 2 constitute benefits regarding current commercially available sunscreens. Furthermore, isolated compounds obtained lower allergenicity potential, lower predicted in silico toxicity and bioaccumulation factors, and complied with safety EU requirements for chemical substances. It converts them into better alternatives for photoprotection and could favour neotropical LF bioprospection.eng
dc.description.abstractParamos sind sui generis Hochgebirgsbiome im Neotropikum, deren Organismen ständig niedrigen Temperaturen und hoher Sonnenbestrahlung ausgesetzt sind. Sonnenstrahlen, insbesondere Ultraviolett- (UV) und Nahinfrarotstrahlung (NIR), wurde als ätiologischer Faktor von Hautproblemen wie Fotodermatosen und verschiedenen Arten von Hautkrebs identifiziert. Naturalstoffen isolierten von der Flora der Paramos, insbesondere lizenzierte Pilzen (LP), sind wenig studiert worden. Nicht nur absorbieren Flecthenstoffen UV-Strahlung sondern auch haben antioxidativen Aktivität, deswegen könnten LP als ursprüngliche Quelle für neuen Sonnenschutzmitteln vorschlagen werden. Antioxidativen and lichtschutzenden Aktivitäten von einigen LP-Extrakten wurden hierin untersucht. Lobariella sipmanii war eine von aktivesten Extrakte und hatte die höchste Vielfalt an Flechtenstoffen. Aus dieser Flechte wurden zum ersten Mal drei Flechtenstoffen erhalten: Pseudocypherallin A (1), 2,4-dihydroxy-3,5,6-trimethylmethylbenzoat (2) und Methylorsellinat (3). Die monoaromatischen Flechtenstoffen 2 und 3 zeigten eine Absorption von UV-B- und Nahinfrarotstrahlung (SPF = 21,86 +/- 0,09 und 38,41 +/- 0,26 zum 200 ug/mL) und eine geringe spektrale Amplitude (Kritische Wellenlänge = 333,9 nm und 319,5 nm). Darüber hinaus waren ihre Nahinfrarotspektren ähnlich wie kommerzielle erhältliche Sonnenschutzmitteln und boten daher auch im diesen Bereich Schutz. Während Flechtenstoffe 1 einen SPF-Wert von 9,82 +/- 0,58 zum 200 ug/mL und eine höhere spektrale Amplitude (Kritische Wellenlänge = 365,8 nm) aufwies, ähnlich wie breitspektrales Sonnenschutzmittel wie Bemotrizinol (Kritische Wellenlänge = 374,2 nm). Flechtenstoffen 1 und 2 hatten Scavenger-Aktivität (WK50= 217,1 uM und 342,3 uM jeweils) and zeigten Lipidperoxidationhemmungsätzen in 24 Stunden ähnlich wie BHT (p > 0,05), während Stoffe 3 keine antioxidative Aktivität aufwies. Oxidativer Stress ist ein Faktor, der die Entwicklung von Hautkrebs beschleunigt. Darum sind Radikalfängeraktivität, Eisenreduktionsaktivität und Lipidperoxidationhemmung vorteilhaft im Hinblick auf die derzeit kommerzielle erhältliche Sonnenschutzmittel. Die isolierten Flechtenstoffen erhielten sowohl niedrigeres Allergenespotenzial, und wenige in silico-Giftigkeit- und Bioakkumulationsfaktoren als auch EU-Sicherheitsanforderungen für Chemikalien. Dies macht sie zu besseren Alternativen für den Sonnenschutz und könnte die Bioprospektion von Neotropikum LP begünstigen.deu
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias - Químicaspa
dc.description.researchareaSustancias bioactivas de líquenes colombianosspa
dc.description.sponsorshipCódigo HERMES: 35978spa
dc.format.extentxix, 159 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/86142
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Químicaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/spa
dc.subject.agrovocBioprospecciónspa
dc.subject.agrovocbioprospectingeng
dc.subject.agrovocLíquenesspa
dc.subject.agrovoclichenseng
dc.subject.agrovocPropiedades antioxidantesspa
dc.subject.agrovocantioxidant propertieseng
dc.subject.ddc540 - Química y ciencias afines::547 - Química orgánicaspa
dc.subject.proposalBioprospecciónspa
dc.subject.proposalFotoprotecciónspa
dc.subject.proposalLobariella sipmaniispa
dc.subject.proposalHongos liquenizadosspa
dc.subject.proposalPáramospa
dc.subject.proposalPhotoprotectioneng
dc.subject.proposalBioprospectioneng
dc.subject.proposalLobariella sipmaniieng
dc.subject.proposalLichenized fungieng
dc.subject.proposalParamoeng
dc.subject.proposalBioprospektiondeu
dc.subject.proposalFotoprotektiondeu
dc.subject.proposalLobariella sipmaniideu
dc.subject.proposalLizenzierte Pilzedeu
dc.subject.proposalParamodeu
dc.subject.wikidataphotoprotectioneng
dc.titleBioprospección de hongos liquenizados del páramo de Sumapaz como fuente prometedora de fármacos duales con actividad antioxidante y fotoprotectoraspa
dc.title.translatedBioprospection of lichenized fungi from páramo de Sumapaz (Bogotá - Colombia) as promising sources of antioxidant and photoprotective dual drugseng
dc.title.translatedBioprospektion von lichenisierten Pilzen aus dem Sumapaz-Páramo (Bogotá - Kolumbien) als vielversprechende Quelle für duale Arzneimittel mit antioxidativer und lichtschützender Wirkungdeu
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentBibliotecariosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.awardtitleBioprospección de líquenes del páramo de Sumapaz, Colombia como fuente original de sustancias duales con actividad antioxidante y fotoprotectora para la prevención de problemas dérmicos asociados a la radiación solarspa
oaire.fundernameDirección de Investigación - Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa

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