Revisión de literatura sobre el papel de los sesgos cognitivos y emocionales en la toma de decisiones financieras en el mercado de valores

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dc.contributor.advisorNavarro Pérez, Paula Andreaspa
dc.contributor.authorMontañez Barrera, Ivonne Stefanispa
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-12T18:41:50Z
dc.date.available2025-09-12T18:41:50Z
dc.date.issued2025-09-11
dc.description.abstractEl presente trabajo de investigación realiza una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre el papel los sesgos cognitivos y emocionales que influyen en las decisiones financieras en el mercado de valores. A través de un análisis bibliométrico y de contenido de 42 estudios seleccionados de un total de 338 documentos publicados entre 2020 y enero de 2025 en Scopus y Web of Science, se identificaron el exceso de confianza, el comportamiento de rebaño y la aversión a las pérdidas como los sesgos más influyentes. Estos sesgos afectan tanto las decisiones individuales como la eficiencia del mercado, y factores como la edad, el género, el nivel educativo y los rasgos de personalidad (especialmente el neuroticismo) actúan como mediadores significativos. El análisis destaca que la integración de factores psicológicos en modelos financieros tradicionales puede mejorar su capacidad predictiva. Se encontraron interacciones complejas entre sesgos, como la relación entre el exceso de confianza y heurísticas como la representatividad y la disponibilidad. Además, eventos externos como la pandemia del COVID-19 intensificaron el uso de heurísticas en las decisiones financieras. Se identificaron brechas en la literatura relacionadas con interacciones no lineales entre sesgos y su impacto longitudinal, sugiriendo direcciones futuras para investigaciones más profundas. Este estudio contribuye al entendimiento académico y práctico de las finanzas conductuales, proporcionando una base para desarrollar estrategias educativas y regulatorias que mitiguen los efectos negativos de estos sesgos en la toma de decisiones financieras. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractThis research systematically reviews the literature on the role of cognitive and emotional biases in financial decision-making in the stock market. Through a bibliometric and content analysis of 42 studies selected from a total of 338 documents published between 2020 and January 2025 in Scopus and Web of Science, overconfidence, herding behavior, and loss aversion were identified as the most influential biases. These biases affect both individual decisions and market efficiency, and factors such as age, gender, education level, and personality traits (especially neuroticism) act as significant mediators. The analysis highlights that integrating psychological factors into traditional financial models can improve their predictive capability. Complex interactions between biases were found, such as the relationship between overconfidence and heuristics like representativeness and availability. Additionally, external events like the COVID-19 pandemic intensified the use of heuristics in financial decisions. Gaps in the literature were identified related to non-linear interactions between biases and their longitudinal impact, suggesting avenues for future research. This study contributes to the academic and practical understanding of behavioral finance, providing a foundation for developing educational and regulatory strategies to mitigate the negative effects of these biases on financial decision-making.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Contabilidad y Finanzasspa
dc.description.researchareaFinanzasspa
dc.format.extentxi, 54 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88745
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Económicasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias Económicas - Maestría en Contabilidad y Finanzasspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc330 - Economía::332 - Economía financieraspa
dc.subject.proposalFinanzas conductualesspa
dc.subject.proposalSesgos cognitivosspa
dc.subject.proposalSesgos emocionalesspa
dc.subject.proposalMercado de valoresspa
dc.subject.proposalToma de decisiones financierasspa
dc.subject.proposalComportamiento inversorspa
dc.subject.proposalBehavioral financeeng
dc.subject.proposalCognitive biaseseng
dc.subject.proposalEmotional biaseseng
dc.subject.proposalStock marketeng
dc.subject.proposalfinancial decision-makingeng
dc.subject.proposalInvestor behavioreng
dc.subject.unescoMercado financierospa
dc.subject.unescoFinancial marketseng
dc.subject.unescoAdministración financieraspa
dc.subject.unescoFinancial administrationeng
dc.subject.unescoComportamiento socialspa
dc.subject.unescoSocial behavioureng
dc.titleRevisión de literatura sobre el papel de los sesgos cognitivos y emocionales en la toma de decisiones financieras en el mercado de valoresspa
dc.title.translatedLiterature review on the role of cognitive and emotional biases in financial decision-making in the stock marketeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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