Óxidos de Molibdeno, Tungsteno, Niobio y Tántalo como posibles catalizadores para la licuefacción de Carbón Bituminoso

Abstract

The present work is a compilation of the main characteristics of metallic oxides, highlighting the oxides of transition metals and their acid-base and oxidation-reduction properties. Focused on the oxides of the metals of Molybdenum (Mo), Tungsten (W), Niobium (Nb) and Tantalum (Ta), its properties and the modifications that are made on these materials, so that they acquire the property of superacidity and act as catalysts in the isomerization and cracking of hydrocarbons. Likewise, this work collects the information reported for the property of superacidity in the metal oxides, focus on the aforementioned oxides and their possible use as catalysts in the direct process of carbon liquefaction, comparing them against the existing catalysts for this process. The technical information collected seeks to strengthen the project of direct liquefaction of Coal in Colombia, promoting the use of metal oxides of Mo, W, Nb and Ta, as catalysts in this process. Around to the viability for this project in Colombia from the point of view of the two most important sources for it: Bituminous coal, source of great abundance in the country (in the departments of Cundinamarca and Boyacá), and oxides of metals of Mo, W, Nb and Ta as catalysts, present in the minerals reported in the Colombian East (in the departments of Vichada, Guainía and Vaupés). Keywords: Superacidity, Superacid Catalysts, Molybdenum Oxides, Tungsten Oxides, Niobium Oxides, Tantalum Oxides, Metal Oxides as Catalysts, Isomerization and Cracking of Hydrocarbons, Direct Carbon Liquefaction.